A native of the Americas, Alfred Vogel saw this ‘showy flower’ in Mexico and Brazil, learning of its uses from the native people. The plant was brought to Europe in the 17th Century as a garden adornment but naturopaths started to use it about 100 years ago. This herb is combined with the fresh young seeds of Avena sativa (Oats) to create this useful tincture.The overall effect of Passiflora, when used as a whole herb, is as a sedative that calms the central nervous system. it is a minor tranquilliser with no addictive properties, so it is appropriate for a whole host of conditions, from sleeping problems to nerve spasms. Helping you to slip over the threshold into restful sleep, it can bring you the relief of a good night’s . As Passiflora has antispasmodic properties, it can reduce the muscle spasms and gastric spasms that often accompany stress. Tension and anxiety will be countered, and it contains alkaloids that prevent serotonin from being broken down. This makes it anti-depressive, a useful alternative to Hypericum for those who can’t take it. Stress and depression are key health issues in our modern world, and the nerve relaxant, blood pressure lowering effects of Passiflora make it of prime interest to those vulnerable to stress symptoms. Passiflora seems to reduce perception of pain, and has been used for neuralgia, shingles and general nerve pain. It is very helpful during the menopause, when falling hormone levels can make women prone to anxiety and depression. Ingredients: Contains the tinctures of fresh Passiflora incarnata* (Passiflora) aerial parts 70% and fresh Avena sativa*(Oats) 30% Alcohol content: 58% v/v.